Perhaps everything has been heard about arthrosis (osteoarthrosis deformation).The disease is included in the top three most common diseases of the musculoskeletal apparatus.However, despite the popularity, not everyone can say confidently that he has complete information about this articular disease.Because osteoarthrosis of the lower leg is most often diagnosed, we will tell in detail the knee arthrosis and its treatment method.
Briefly about the arthrosis of the knee joint
So, what is - knee arthrosis and how much do we know about it?In the field of medicine, there are several names of the disease, each of which characterizes the pathology on its part.
Therefore, the term "gonarthrosis" explains where the pathological process develops (from Greek goni knees).
The name "arthrosis" (arthros - joints) means a disease where degeneration and atrophy of cartilage tissue occur.
There is another most accurate concept - changing osteoarthrosis.With long flowing pathology, not only the surface of the knee joint is affected, but also the ligaments, tendons and muscles nearby.Blood circulation decreases, trophy (nutrition) is frustrated and metabolism in periarticular tissue is disrupted.The cartilage is quickly thinned and destroyed, bone growth (osteophytes) is formed on the surface of the joints, thickening ligaments, and loss of elasticity.All of this leads to increasing restrictions from the movement of the joints, to the absence of movement in it.
The main cause of the disease is age -related changes.In addition, there are several additional factors that stimulate the development of arthrosis:
- a variety of lower leg injuries;
- weight gain;
- SEDENTARI LIFE;
- hereditary tendency to disease of the musculoskeletal system;
- A violation of metabolism.
The disease develops slowly and for several years the symptoms of joint damage are absent.However, degenerative changes gradually occur in the articular structure.As a result, pain and crisis arise during walking, limiting mobility in the knees, muscle atrophy near the thighs and lower legs.
Symptoms -Osteoarthritis symptoms depend on the degree of damage to the knee joint, becoming more intense and acute during the process.
Therefore, do not postpone a visit to the doctor.Keep in mind that it is impossible to ultimately cure arthrosis, but it is very possible to suspend its development.Faster therapy begins, more opportunities for successful results and lowering the risk of complications.
A method of treatment of a disease
If the patient comes to the doctor with the question: "Doctor, I have a knee joint arthrosis, tell me how and what to treat" - he will most likely not receive a clear and concrete answer.Honartrosis therapy is a long process that includes the entire therapeutic step.Any treatment of pathology always begins with the accumulation of anamnesis and diagnosis.
When planning a treatment tactic, the doctor takes into account the patient's age, the level of the disease, the degree of damage to the joints, the presence and severity of the pain syndrome.The unified therapy of the knee osteoarthrosis, as well as a drug that helps everyone at once, does not exist.The struggle for articular pathology should be complex and includes not only medicines, but also physiotherapy procedures, therapeutic exercises, and traditional medicine recipes.With the failure of all conservative measures, surgical intervention is carried out.
Drug therapy
All medicines used in the fight against osteoarthritis can be divided into two groups:
- medications that relieve the main symptoms of the disease (anti -non -ssteroid, glucocorticosteroid hormone);
- Means to restore joints and prevent further destruction (chondroprotectors, including hyaluronic acid).
Treatment of gonarthrosis always begins with the first group medicine, which quickly eliminates the pain syndrome.It is a pain in the joints that the patient is most experienced by the patient.
Nsaid
Anti -Anti -Anti -Medicine Medicines are used to eliminate pain, discomfort, removal of edema and inflammation of the articular tissue and nearby.These drugs can be used orally, intramuscular or local, directly in the affected joint area.
For external use, various ointments and gels are used.Anesthetic effects, as a rule, occur quickly and continues for several hours.Ointment is also good to use it for a long time, after coordinating the duration of the course with the attending specialist.
The course of treatment with anti -medical medications -non -Ssteroids taken into no more than two weeks, as they have many side effects.
Therefore, NSAIDs are carefully prescribed for people with chronic gastrointestinal tract and elderly patients.
Corticosteroids
If NSAIDs treatment is ineffective and painful, the doctor may prescribe intra -particular injection of hormone drugs.They act more effectively than non -stable group drugs.
Due to many unwanted consequences, glucocorticosteroid hormones are introduced into the intraarticular cavity of the affected knee no more than once every 10-14 days and only during a clear period of severity.
Chondroprotectors
Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate prevent the destruction of joints and contribute to the recovery of cartilage plate surface.
Chondroprotectors improve intraarticular tissue nutrition, pat synovial fluid with the necessary trace elements, reduce pain, edema and inflammation.They can be used in the form of tablets, ointments, intra -Articular injections.
The course of treatment with drugs that restores cartilage structure lasts for at least 4-5 months.The result is a continuous and lasting effect for several years.
Speaking of chondroprotectors, one cannot fail to mention generation III.These products contain, in addition to anti -nonsteroid anti -Supplements, which allows for reducing the amount of drugs taken and achieving good results.
The preparation of hyaluronic acid is almost sufficient for synovial fluid in its composition.After hitting the joints, the material creates a thin film on the surface of the cartilage plate that protects them during movement.
Intra -articular injection of hyaluronic acid is only prescribed during persistent remission.
Surgical
Surgical intervention is only used in extreme cases when conservative treatment does not produce positive results.Modern medicine has different ways to carry out different operations in trauma levels:
- Arthroscopy- The most soft surgical intervention method.It can be used even in the early stages of knee joint arthrosis.This procedure is suitable for young people who lead an active lifestyle, and can be repeated if necessary.
- Osteotomy.This operation is prescribed to patients with severe joint deformation.During the procedure, the fracture of the defective bone is performed.Then the experts provide the right combination of anatomy and physiology.
- Endoprosthetics.The most radical type of surgical intervention.During operation, the joints are replaced by implants.Despite the complexity of implementation and recovery period, endoprosthetics are the best alternative to arthrodesis (joint joints to complete joint immobilization).
Physiotherapy in the treatment of knee arthrosis
In the early stages of the development of the disease, physiotherapy procedures are very effective.They quickly relieve pain, relieve muscle cramps, prevent cartilage destruction and accelerate regeneration.
Using physiotherapy steps, medicines can be administered through the skin directly into the affected joints.Often, with knee arthrosis, the following physiotherapists are prescribed:
- Magnetotherapy (10-20 sessions);
- medical baths (radon, mud, bischophytic, hydrogen sulfide);
- Middle -volume ultraviolet irradiation (6-7 times);
- UHF-FREE;
- Electrophoresis with anti -inflammatory, vascular, analgesic drug solutions;
- Darsonvalization;
- Laser therapy (at least 10 sessions).
To determine the treatment needed in certain cases, the duration of therapy can only be a specialist, which focuses on the degree of damage to the joints, the patient's age and the presence of the disease.
Exercise therapy
Therapeutic gymnastics is one of the successful components of therapy to change osteoarthrosis.Filling strengthens the muscles, improves blood circulation, returns to the joints loss of flexibility.
A set of approximate training
Classes are selected for each patient individually.LFK must be involved regularly, gradually increasing the load on the joints.The best training is done several times a day for 10-15 minutes.
After evening training, it is advisable to bathe with a comfortable water temperature, after which you need to scrub the pain with a terry towel and massage with anti -inflammatory ointment.
Therapy with folk medicine
People's treatment methods are very popular among patients with knee joint arthrosis.All types of compression, rubbing and ointment from medicinal herbs have been widely used.Before using a recipe for traditional medicine, you should consult your doctor.Keep in mind that in this case it cannot replace the main drug therapy.
With severe pain in the joints, you can provide 100 grams of honey and one tablespoon of salt.The procedure is performed at night.
Among patients, salt, sand or cereals are very popular.It's easy to make it - it's enough to heat the selected product in the pan, pour it into the bag and in a hot condition but not burn, and attach it to the joints.
In addition, to combat knee arthrosis, you can use applications from paraffin, compress cabbage leaves or burdock.
Applying recipes for traditional medicine, keep in mind that with their help, gonarthrosis cannot be cured.You can only reduce the manifestation of disease and improve the quality of human life.
Conclusion
To avoid age -related joint deformations, you need to play sports regularly, monitor proper nutrition, avoid injury and wear comfortable shoes.If the discomfort in the knee area appears, you must contact your doctor immediately.Only experts can make a diagnosis and say how to treat knee arthrosis.Self will only worsen the disease.